Data kidnappings are also a reality. Individuals and companies are forced to pay (a grave error) to recover damaged files or equipment. A whole business from which hackers profit.
As we always say on this blog, IT security is fundamental. Therefore, we must be alert to cyberattacks.
On this page, we explain more about “ransomware attacks: what they are and how to stay protected”.
Ransomware: what it is and how it works
A ransomware attack is a type of malware, in which An attacker locks a device or files in exchange for money.. The hacker requests a ransom so that the victim can regain access to their data.
And to understand how a ransomware attack works, you need to know the following concepts.
Exploits, social engineering, and phishing
To begin with, do you know what an exploit is?
An exploit is code or a program, designed by a cyber attacker, which serves to take advantage of a security vulnerability in a device, app or network; in order to use it for their benefit.
To this action, we must add Social engineering or manipulation to carry out the cyber attack. A convincing message that makes us bite, like fish.
Finally, the Phishing is the action which consists of a link or attachment (allegedly sent by a trusted contact) that when downloaded, the ransomware attack begins.
4 types of ransomware attack
To answer the question of what ransomware is and how to stay protected, it's important to know the different types of ransomware that exist:
1. Encryption ransomware or encryptors
This group is also known as “filecolders”. They are the most popular type of ransomware attack.
This type of malicious software is responsible for blocking and encrypting specific files (databases, documents, reports, videos, etc.). Attackers use cryptography to prevent the user from accessing them.
In this way, the hacker gives the victim a deadline and demands payment in exchange for not damaging or destroying these files.
How to know you are suffering a crypto-ransomware attack The file extension will change and you will be unable to open it.
Screen locker
Nowadays, screen lockers usually attack in smartphones or tablets. And as its name suggests, this ransomware or virus locks your device's screen.
Specifically, it prevents access to your computer's interface without affecting files or the system. This way, you may possibly be able to recover the files from the device once it's deleted.
How does this type of ransomware work? A lock screen appears which either displays a message with payment instructions, or the hacker impersonates a police institution, ‘informing’ the user that they have broken the law and thus must pay a fine.
3. Scareware
They pose as fake antivirus software. Hackers create alert messages, informing the victim of potential problems with their equipment.
The user is pecking and, consequently, pays for fake software that – on top of that – acts like malware. So not only will they have paid in vain, but from then on the attacker will have access to the victim's personal information.
4. Doxware or doxing
Also known as leakware, this type of attack plays on the The victim's personal files (photographs, videos, credit card details...).
A fake link or file is the key for these hackers to access that personal data. The attacker blackmails the victim with publishing said information.
Identifying the type of ransomware is essential for protection.
Indeed, to know what type of ransomware we are facing This is fundamental to being able to eliminate it. This would, firstly, be one of the key points that all types of companies carry out in the face of cyberattacks.
This is added to different Information security methodologies or philosophies. Examples of this? In the first area, the Reversing the malware (that in-depth study of a malicious software) and, on the other hand, there is DevSecOps. This software development philosophy advocates for the automation of security processes.
Prevention is key in cybersecurity. And companies know this. That's why these repeated actions are important:
- Perform Backups periodically.
- Keep the Operating system updated of all the teams.
- Train staff in the face of potential risks (for example, emphasising the importance of never opening strange emails or clicking on suspicious links).
- To install an Information security solution.
- Hire professionals, specialising in cybersecurity.
And you, have you ever wondered What does it take to work in cybersecurity??
Dedicate yourself to cybersecurity with IMMUNE
If you are interested in a career in the world of computer security, training is necessary., At IMMUNE, we have various training options for future cybersecurity professionals..
So, don't forget to watch our MSc Cybersecurity, which is also available at online version. Enter a high-demand sector with the Cybersecurity Bootcamp.
Furthermore, if you wish, at IMMUNE we have this Degree in Software Development Engineering, which you can supplement with your cybersecurity training.
